PDA

View Full Version : Željava sad i nekad


Watzy
04-22-2007, 07:12 PM
Pravi članak za svakog koga zanimaju aspekti odgovora na pitanja poput: kamo su otišli naši novci i tko nas je to 'opljačkao', kamo su otišle strane investicije u ex-Yu, zbog čega je jugoslavska ekonomija crkavala, zašto do nedavno nismo imali ni autocestu između dva najveća grada i zbog čega danas ne živimo kao Danci...


Željava sad i nekad

Kad se četvero mladih Zagrepčana stalo raspitivati o rizicima posjeta napuštenoj zrakoplovnoj bazi Željava, poznavatelji sadašnjeg stanja kompleksa koji je JNA minirala još 1992. savjetovali su im neka obvezno povedu vodiča zbog mina, radioaktivnog blata, opasnosti od urušavanja ili kakvog medvjeda koji se možda tamo sklonio, a, prije svega, neka od svega odustanu.

Pregledavši domaći i strani tisak te se raspitavši kod policije, Zvonimir, Josipa, Sanela i Siniša zaključili su nedavno da već 15 godina nitko nije obišao ukupno 3 kilometra tunela zrakoplovne baze ukopane u Plješevicu, 1657 metara visoku planinu na granici Hrvatske i BiH. Baza kod Ličkog Petrova Sela, tri kiometra udaljena od Bihaća i okružena jednako spektakularnom prirodom, poput one u obližnjem Nacionalnom parku Plitvička jezera, projektirana je da izdrži izravan udar nuklearne bombe jčine one bačene na Nagasaki. Iz nje se u potpunoj izolaciji tjedan dana moglo vojno djelovati. Za život je stalno mogla biti samostalna, posebno stoga što je pri iskopu otkrivena i rijeka ponornica.

Iako ju je 1992. JNA razorila sa 58 tona eksploziva te unatoč tome što odonda znatiželjnici iz opreza ne zalaze dalje od prvih pancirnih vrata, Željava još uvijek mnoge fascinira kao nekoć najveća vojna bazau bivšoj Jugoslaviji te možda i najveća takva u Europi. Tijekom Domovinskog rata manji dio baze kontrolirala je Armija BiH, a veći srpske krajinske snage koje su pri povlačenju za akcije Oluja minirale snažne radare kojima se nekoć motrilo pola srednje Europe.

Četvero prijatelja ponesenih istraživačkim impulsom odlučilo je stoga, i unatoč svemu, izvidjeti današnje stanje vojnog kompleksa koji je od 1957. do 1965. po uzoru na švedske baze 24 sata na dan gradilo 250 radnika, uz cijenu između 4 i 8,5 milijardi dolara, ovisno o izvoru, tada dovoljnih za izgradnju 1000 kilometara najmodernije autoceste s dvama trakovima u oba smjera.

-Na ulazu u vojni kompleks Željava nalazi se bivša vojarna kroz koju smo se provozali i obišli neke od otvorenih zgrada. Prošavši pistu, u podnožju Plješevice došli smo do ulaza u podzemni tunelski kompleks "Klek" - opisivao je pothvat Zvonimirte naveo da su se nakon prvog ulaska zbog straha pred nepoznatim tunelima vratili, ali došavši do daha, uskoro opet krenuli u avanturu.

-Isprva smo sa svjetiljkama obišli tunele 2 i 3, ali vrlo oprezno i u velikom strahu zbog razasutih željeznih šipki, ogoljele armature, otvorenih šahtova, u koje se može upasti te posebno zbog mogućih zaostalih mina. Nakon što smo detaljno ispitali sva tri tunela i bazu, odlučili smo ući i automobilom te smo izašli na drugi izlaz - kaže on, svjestan golemog rizika kojemu su se izložili.

Poseban problem bilo je to što su naišli na niz prostorija neucrtanih u karte koje su ponijeli. Unutra su, kažu, osim mjestimičnih siga i vode koja kaplje sa stropa, u lokvama primijetili mrlje od ulja ili benzina.

U svoje galerije duge 500, 400 i 350 metara, danas djelomično zatrpane krhotinama, baza je mogla primiti 60 migova 21, a hermetički se zatvarala trojim vratima teškim 100 tona, debelim 1, širokim 21, a visokim 9 metara. Imala je 5 vanjskih pistam a pčevidci tvrde da se prilikom izlijetanja zrakoplova iz baze tresla cijela planina. Danas se pak Željava primamljivo mjesto samo za skupljače sekundarnih metalnih sirovina, egzotičnih tipova, poput onih koji su iz sanitacijskih prostorija skidali pločice, te avanturista kao što su Zvonimir i njegovo društvo.

-Sve unutra djeluje kao da se svakog trenutka može srušiti - kaže Zvonimir, zbog čega su i odustali od šetnje prolazima koji su se 'nekamo' uspinjali.

Ulazak u Željavu, kažu, nikome ne preporučuju. Ako se netko tvrdoglav ipak na takvo što odluči, oni mu ne preporučuju ulazak bez maske, kao ni ulazak automobilom zbog rupa.

Posebno žale zbog današnje neiskorištenosti objekta, najvećeg od 40 izgrađenih u bivšoj državi čija je vrijednost bila otprilike 90 milijardi dolara. Procijenjuje se da nam je taj novac, drugačije uložen, mogao još 1970. godine osigurati standard jedne Austrije.

Večernji list, Obzor, 21. 4 2007.

Sa you tube-a: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X455wiHCCac

Bartholomew Roberts
04-23-2007, 10:55 AM
So why the hell doesn't the Government clean this place up and use it?

Watzy
04-24-2007, 01:02 AM
So why the hell doesn't the Government clean this place up and use it?

From what I understood from the article, the place can collapse anytime - 58 tons of explosive is not a firecracker. After serbs detonated it from inside I doubt the place can resist an impact such as a direct nuclear explosion (the original purpose it was designed for).

Drilling tunnels in the mountain is not the most expensive part of the construction but equipping it with electronics, radars, missiles ect. Croatia drilled longer tunnels in for far lesser expense.

Nota bene - the place was devastated 1992, while 'Krajina' was still standing - it means Yugoslavs were not even willing to risk the possibility the place to fall in our hands, so they devastated it in advance, not trusting it even to the local serbs to use.

Bartholomew Roberts
04-24-2007, 09:58 AM
It's a shame that such an expensive asset got wasted like that. Was Croatia going to seek damages and reparations from Serbia for all the destruction it caused. This ought to be paid by them the bastards!!! We could then have the unemployed then par take in cleaning up the place so that at least if it is to be disused for it to at least be safe.

Watzy
04-24-2007, 10:32 AM
To summon the article in brief, it reveals perhaps one of the most megalomaniac and paranoid military projects of ex-Yu: an underground Željava airbase and a radar base - 3 kilometers long system of tunnels and magazines drilled into the 1657 meters tall Plješevica mountain in Croatia, near the Bosnian border. It was one of 40 and the biggest in Yugoslavia, perhaps Europe. It was designed to resist a direct impact of the A-bomb the size of the one detonated over Nagasaki and military act for about for one week in complete isolation. The place even had an underground river and could support life for long period of time. Powerful radars covered half of Central Europe.

The base was built in a period between 1957.-1965. The cost for this project was circa 4-8,5 billion dollars. Before retreating, the Yugo-army demolished it by using 58 tons of explosive.

The total cost of 40 ex-Yugoslavia's underground military bases is estimated to 90 milliards dollars, a sum sufficient to permit life standard similar to Austrian if invested in economy. This is how the money from the Western loans and from Croatia and Slovenia was spend by the Yugos. :(

It's a shame that such an expensive asset got wasted like that. Was Croatia going to seek damages and reparations from Serbia for all the destruction it caused. This ought to be paid by them the bastards!!! We could then have the unemployed then par take in cleaning up the place so that at least if it is to be disused for it to at least be safe.

It can also be mentioned that ex-state was preparing the project of constructing it's own supersonic airplane before the breakdown.

Bartholomew Roberts
04-24-2007, 10:45 AM
To summon the article in brief, it reveals perhaps one of the most megalomaniac and paranoid military projects of ex-Yu: an underground Željava airbase and a radar base - 3 kilometers long system of tunnels and magazines drilled into the 1657 meters tall Plješevica mountain in Croatia, near the Bosnian border. It was one of 40 and the biggest in Yugoslavia, perhaps Europe. It was designed to resist a direct impact of the A-bomb the size of the one detonated over Nagasaki and military act for about for one week in complete isolation. The place even had an underground river and could support life for long period of time. Powerful radars covered half of Central Europe.

The base was built in a period between 1957.-1965. The cost for this project was circa 4-8,5 billion dollars. Before retreating, the Yugo-army demolished it by using 58 tons of explosive.

The total cost of 40 ex-Yugoslavia's underground military bases is estimated to 90 milliards dollars, a sum sufficient to permit life standard similar to Austrian if invested in economy. This is how the money from the Western loans and from Croatia and Slovenia was spend by the Yugos. :(



It can also be mentioned that ex-state was preparing the project of constructing it's own supersonic airplane before the breakdown.

In English we don't have 'milliards' like 'milijardi' it goes straight to 'billions'. So its 90 Billion!! Shit the annual budget of Australia is a tenth of that with a population 5 times of Croatia!! And considering this was 1960s much more - Croatia could have been Switzerland with a coast line!

Watzy
04-24-2007, 11:26 AM
So its 90 Billion!! Shit the annual budget of Australia is a tenth of that with a population 5 times of Croatia!! And considering this was 1960s much more - Croatia could have been Switzerland with a coast line!

Even the entire ex-Yugoslavia with all it's underdeveloped republics and provinces was able to develop a solid economy if the central government invested money in industry, infrastructure, tourism ect.

But perhaps it is better this way because prosperous economy and high standard can petrify a multi-ethnic state - like in the case of Netherlands and Belgium. Perhaps we own our independence exclusively to such communist mistakes that made the collapse of Yugoslavia inevitable.

VAMPIR
04-24-2007, 01:50 PM
The total cost of 40 ex-Yugoslavia's underground military bases is estimated to 90 milliards dollars
I assume it is number of costs of all bases, not just this one???:confused:

Watzy
04-24-2007, 02:03 PM
I assume it is number of costs of all bases, not just this one???:confused:

Cost of this one is 4-8,5 billions (dependable on source) - equivalent to building 1000 km of modern two-tracked highway.

90 billions is the cost of all 40.